Tony Bennett – Blue Velvet

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Blue Velvet (Song)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the Shizuka Kudo song, see Blue Velvet (Shizuka Kudo song).

“Blue Velvet”
Single by Tony Bennett
B-side“Solitaire”
ReleasedSeptember 21, 1951
RecordedJuly 17, 1951
StudioColumbia 30th Street, New York City
GenreTraditional pop
Length3:01
LabelColumbia
Songwriter(s)Bernie Wayne
Lee Morris
Tony Bennett singles chronology
Cold, Cold Heart
(1951)”Blue Velvet
(1951)”Here in My Heart
(1952)

Blue Velvet” is a popular song written and composed in 1950 by Bernie Wayne and Lee Morris. A top 20 hit for Tony Bennett in its original 1951 version, the song has since been re-recorded many times, with a 1963 version by Bobby Vinton reaching No. 1.

Inspiration and composition

Songwriter Bernie Wayne was inspired to begin writing “Blue Velvet” on a 1951 visit to Richmond, Virginia where he stayed at the Jefferson Hotel. At a party at the hotel, Wayne continually caught sight of a female guest dressed in blue velvet with whom he would have a holiday romance.

Tony Bennett original version and 1951 covers

The song’s co-writer Bernie Wayne had pitched “Blue Velvet” to Columbia Records head A&R man Mitch Miller, who as soon as he’d heard the song’s opening measure: “She wore blue velvet”, had suggested giving the song to Tony Bennett. (Wayne’s response: “Don’t you want to hear the rest of the song?”, caused Miller to opine : “Quit while you’re ahead!”) Recorded in a July 17, 1951 session with the Percy Faith orchestra and released September 21, 1951, Bennett’s version peaked at No. 16 on the Billboard chart of “Records Most Played by Disc Jockeys”, while reaching No. 18 on Billboard’s chart of “Best Selling Pop Singles“, and No. 18 on Billboard’s chart of “Most Played Juke Box Records”. Bennett’s version of “Blue Velvet” made its album debut on a 1959 compilation LP that was also titled Blue Velvet. The single’s B-side “Solitaire” was also a Top 20 hit.

1st RECORDING OF: Blue Velvet – Tony Bennett (1951)

The New York Times music journalist Stephen Holden would vaunt “Blue Velvet” as one of the four tracks which defined the first phase of Bennett’s recording career: according to Holden “Blue Velvet” along with “Because of You” (1951),

Because of You – Tony Bennett

Cold, Cold Heart” (1951),

Tony Bennett – Cold, Cold Heart (1951)

and “Stranger in Paradise” (1953), “stand as the gorgeous final flowering of the high-romantic style invented in the 1940s by Sinatra [with] arranger Axel Stordahl.

Tony Bennett – Stranger In Paradise (1954)

Pure and throbbing, …Bennett’s voice adds a semi-operatic heft to Sinatra’s more intimate crooning style. Male pop singing since [the mid-1950s] has never been [so] unabashedly sweet.” In 1957 Bennett would begin a longstanding working relationship with jazz pianist Ralph Sharon who Bennett would recall advised him: “If you keep singing…sweet saccharine songs like ‘Blue Velvet’ sooner or later…you’re going to stop selling [records]” and with his 1957 album The Beat of My Heart – produced and conducted by Sharon – Bennett had launched a new musical persona as an intensely intimate song stylist.

A live version of “Blue Velvet” was featured on the 1962 concert album Tony Bennett at Carnegie Hall, with the selection being included on The Good Life, a 1963 EP release in the UK.

Blue Velvet (Live at Carnegie Hall, New York, NY – June 1962)

Bennett dueted with k.d. lang on a remake of “Blue Velvet” for his 2011 album Duets II,

Tony Bennett, k.d. lang – Blue Velvet (from Duets II: The Great Performances)

while Bennett’s 2012 album Viva Duets featured Bennett duetting on “Blue Velvet” with Maria Gadú, who sang her part in Portuguese. (“Blue Velvet” was a bonus cut on an edition of Viva Duets sold exclusively through Target.)

Tony Bennett – Blue Velvet (from Viva Duets)

The Arthur Prysock Version

Single by Arthur Prysock
B-sideThe Morningside of the Mountain
ReleasedSeptember 1951
RecordedJuly 23, 1951
StudioDecca Studios, Pythian TempleNew York City
GenreTraditional pop
Length2:57
LabelDecca
Songwriter(s)Bernie Wayne Lee Morris
Arthur Prysock singles chronology
Blue Velvet
(1951)”(It’s No) Sin
(1951)

“Blue Velvet” was expediently covered by Arthur Prysock—whose version although recorded a week after Bennett’s evidently was the first version released, in August 1951.

Blue Velvet

The Bill Farrell Version

“Blue Velvet”
Single by Bill Farrell
B-sideBe Mine Tonight
ReleasedSeptember 1951
GenreTraditional pop
Length2:31
LabelMGM
Songwriter(s)Bernie WayneLee Morris
Bill Farrell singles chronology
“Four Twenty A.M. (with The Girlfriends)
(1950)”Blue Velvet
(1951)”Heaven Knows Why”

Bill Farrell, and Norman Kaye (a solo act who was also a member of the Mary Kaye Trio): the Cash Box Top 50 singles chart ranked Bennett’s version and the three covers in tandem, with a peak position of No. 12 attained on the chart dated December 1, 1951. Cash Box also ranked Bennett’s version as high as No. 11 on its chart of “The Nation’s Top 10 Juke Box Tunes”.”

Blue Velvet (1951) – Bill Farrell

The Clovers version

“Blue Velvet”

Blue Velvet Song Recorde Single.jpg
By http://www.vocalgroupharmony.com/blue_vel.htm, Fair use, Link

Single by The Clovers
B-side“If You Love Me (Why Don’t You Tell Me So)”
Released1955
RecordedDecember 16, 1954
StudioAtlantic, New York City
GenreRhythm and blues
Length2:38
LabelAtlantic
Songwriter(s)Bernie Wayne
Lee Morris

In 1955, the Clovers released a version of the song through Atlantic Records as a single. The song was initially recorded, produced, and released when the R&B group was still composed of John “Buddy” Bailey (lead singer), Billy Mitchell, Matthew McQuater, Harold Lucas, Harold Winley, and Bill Harris. Various members of the group left, died, or were replaced, although the group as a whole still performed the song regardless of whom its members were. The single reached No. 14 on Billboard‘s Rhythm & Blues Records chart of “Best Sellers in Stores”. In 1956, the Clovers released the song on their eponymous album.

CLOVERS – BLUE VELVET

The Statues version

The first version of “Blue Velvet” to appear on the Billboard Hot 100 during the rock ‘n’ roll era was recorded and released by the Statues, a Nashville-based doo-wop trio consisting of Buzz Cason, Hugh Jarrett, and Richard Williams. In 1959 Cason and Williams, members of local rockabilly band the Casuals, had been invited by Jarrett, a former member of the Jordanaires and later a disc jockey at WLAC, to join him – along with veteran background singer and composer Marijohn Wilkin – to form a vocal chorale who would back artists recording in Nashville; the three male members of the chorale were signed to Liberty Records by label founder Al Bennett, who had Snuff Garrett – in his apparent debut as a producer – record the trio in three sessions at the Bradley Studios at the end of November or the beginning of December 1959.

Two sides from the Garrett sessions had a May 1960 single release credited to the Statues (the group name was a reference to the Statue of Liberty, as the group was signed to Liberty Records): the intended A-side was the Marijohn Wilkin original co-write (with Polly Harrison) “Keep the Hall Light Burning”

Statues – "Keep The Hall Light Burning"

but it was the flip: a remake of “Blue Velvet”, which would not only become a Top Ten hit in Nashville but also rank on regional hit parades across the US rising as high as No. 8 on the September 30, 1960 Top 50 survey for preeminent Los Angeles Top 40 station KRLA. However, the Statues’s version of “Blue Velvet” would only accrue enough focused national interest to rank on the Hot 100 for a period of three weeks in August 1960, with a peak of No. 84, while reaching No. 80 on the Cash Box Top 100.

The Statues – Blue Velvet

Bobby Vinton version

“Blue Velvet”
Single by Bobby Vinton
from the album Blue on Blue
B-side“Is There a Place (Where I Can Go)”
ReleasedAugust 2, 1963
RecordedMay 27, 1963
StudioColumbia, Nashville, Tennessee
GenreOrchestral pop
Length2:47
LabelEpic
Songwriter(s)Bernie Wayne
Lee Morris
Producer(s)Bob Morgan
Bobby Vinton singles chronology
Blue on Blue
(1963)”Blue Velvet
(1963)”There! I’ve Said It Again
(1963)

Background

The most successful recording of “Blue Velvet” was recorded (on May 27, 1963) and released by Bobby Vinton in August 1963, backed by Burt Bacharach and his Orchestra. Bobby Vinton’s version reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 on 21 September 1963 and remained at No. 1 for the subsequent two weeks. “Blue Velvet” also afforded Vinton a No. 1 hit on the U.S. Middle-Road Singles chart, where its No. 1 tenure was eight weeks.

BOBBY VINTON-BLUE VELVET

Bobby Vinton’s No. 3 hit in the summer of 1963, with “Blue on Blue“, prompted the recording of the Blue on Blue album comprising songs featuring the word “blue” in the title. Although songwriter Bernie Wayne would recall being told by Vinton that the singer had wanted to record the song since hearing the Tony Bennett version in 1951 it was reportedly Vinton’s friend, music publisher Al Gallico, who suggested “Blue Velvet” as a Blue on Blue album track and sent his secretary with a dollar to a music store to purchase the song’s sheet music; an hour later, Vinton had recorded “Blue Velvet” in two takes.

Blue On Blue

Vinton did not expect the song to be a hit, and believed that his remake of “Am I Blue?” had more sales potential.

Am I Blue

Vinton’s version was ranked No. 5 on Billboard‘s end of year ranking “Top Records of 1963“, No. 4 on Cash Box‘s “Top 100 Chart Hits of 1963”, and No. 8 on Cash Box‘s “Top 100 Chart Hits of 1964”.

Vinton’s recording failed to make the British charts when originally released, but the track’s being heard in a televised ad campaign for Nivea cold cream effected a 1990 UK re-release with “Blue Velvet” reaching No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart.

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (1963)Peak
position
Argentina (Prensario)6
Australia (Music Maker)9
Canada (CHUM Hit Parade(5 weeks)1
New Zealand (Lever Hit Parade)1
Peru (La Prensa)8
Philippines5
South Africa6
US Billboard Hot 1001
US Billboard Middle-Road Singles1
US Cash Box Top 1001

All-time charts

Chart (1958–2018)Position
US Billboard Hot 100596
Chart (1990–91)Peak
position
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)38
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)6
Ireland (IRMA)3
Portugal (AFP)1
UK Singles (OCC)2

Lana Del Rey version

“Blue Velvet”

Lana Del Rey Blue Velvet Cover.jpeg
By Interscope Records – First upload: iTunes. Second upload: w:File:Lana Del Rey Blue Velvet Cover.jpeg, originally uploaded by w:User:Ryulong., Public Domain, Link

Promotional single by Lana Del Rey
from the EP Paradise
A-sideRide
ReleasedSeptember 20, 2012
StudioRecord Plant (Los Angeles, CA)
GenreSadcore
Length2:36
LabelInterscope
Songwriter(s)Bernie WayneLee Morris
Producer(s)Emile Haynie
Lana Del Rey promotional singles chronology
“Carmen”
(2012)”Blue Velvet
(2012)”Burning Desire
(2013)
Blue Velvet

American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey released a cover of the song “Blue Velvet” in 2012. It appears on her third extended playParadise. It was released as a promotional single on September 20, 2012, through Interscope Records, and used in an advertising campaign for the clothing retailer H&M.

Background

Del Rey had recorded a cover of “Blue Velvet” for her 2012 H&M Autumn campaign. On September 20, the song was released as a promotional single. Del Rey was selected for the H&M ad campaign after an impressive performance at a Mulberry dinner party. Industry moguls Michelle Williams, Alexa ChungElizabeth Olsen, and Anna Wintour attended the party and were impressed by the performance. A public relations manager for H&M said Del Rey was chosen because they “were looking for a style icon and singer to model our fall collection and so Lana Del Rey was the perfect choice.”

Music video

On September 19, the music video for “Blue Velvet”, which served as a commercial for the H&M 2012 Autumn Collection as well, was released through H&M. In the video, Del Rey is singing the song in a low-lit room before an audience of pallid people, playing an Americana lounge singer dressed in a pink mohair sweater, She is then hypnotized. Three women dressed identically to Del Rey sit on a couch and watch her coldly. At the end, a little man walks into the room, pulls out the plug for Del Rey’s microphone, silencing her. Compared to the David Lynch film of the same name, it was directed by Johan Renck, and composed in post-World War II Americana fashion and the notion of external beauty cloaking inner vulnerability. A behind the scenes video was filmed and posted to H&M’s official YouTube channel.

Lana Del Rey – Blue Velvet (Official Video)

Critical reception

Rolling Stone called Del Rey’s cover “doleful.” Carl Williot, of Idolator, dubbed Del Rey’s cover “beautifully languorous and dreary (though [it] is replete with her go-to swell of strings and grainy programmed beats).” Jenna Hally Rubenstein, writing for MTV, called the commercial and vocals “moody, totally broody,” playfully adding, “What would a Lana Del Rey campaign be if it didn’t make you feel a tad depressed?” In the video, Rubenstein said Del Rey was a “ridiculous beauty” sporting a Brigitte Bardot–inspired look, which she added, not every singer can pull off. People said the video was dramatic, intriguing, unique, and played off the moody, vintage Hollywood image of the retro-inspired starlet. Appropriately, they wrote, the video had film noir elements. Specifically, it was compared to the neo-noir film, Mulholland Drive, as well as to the film Blue Velvet itself. In an interview with Artinfo, David Lynch spoke out about Del Rey’s cover:

Lana Del Rey, she’s got some fantastic charisma and — this is a very interesting thing — it’s like she’s born out of another time. She’s got something that’s very appealing to people. And I didn’t know she was influenced by me!

Track listing

Digital download

  1. “Blue Velvet” – 2:36

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Paradise.

Performance

Instruments

  • The Larry Gold Orchestra – strings

Technical and production

  • Ben Baptie – mixing assistant
  • Spencer Burgess Jr. – assistant recording engineer
  • John Davis – mastering
  • Tom Elmhirst – mixing
  • Larry Gold – string arrangements
  • Emile Haynie – production

Charts

Chart (2012)Peak
position
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)40
France (SNEP)40
Germany (GfK)49
Spain (PROMUSICAE)44
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)42
UK Singles (OCC)60

Release history

CountryDateFormatLabel
FranceSeptember 20, 2012Digital downloadUniversal
GermanyVertigoCapitol
United KingdomPolydor
United StatesSeptember 25, 2012Interscope
Canada

Other recordings

  • The Paragons released a version of the song as a single in 1960. Their version reached No. 103 on Billboard‘s “Bubbling Under the Hot 100“. It spent three weeks on the chart in the autumn of 1960, sharing the “Bubbling Under” chart for two weeks with the version by the Statues, which had just dropped off the Hot 100 (see Section 4 above).
Blue Velvet
Blue Velvet
  • A different, fully instrumental recording was featured on Welk’s 1965 album Apples & Bananas.
Blue Velvet
  • Ronnie McDowell‘s 1991 album Unchained Melody featured a duet of the song between himself and Vinton.
Blue Velvet
Blue Velvet
Blue Velvet (Live)
  • The Moonglows recorded “Blue Velvet” in 1956, but it was not released for several years.
Blue Velvet
Blue Velvet – Bobby Vinton – instrumental cover by Dave Monk

Use in film soundtracks

Bobby Vinton‘s version is featured several times in David Lynch‘s 1986 film Blue Velvet. The film drew partial inspiration from the song’s lyrics, where Isabella Rossellini, who plays Dorothy Vallens, a singer in the film, sings the song in-character. Lynch selected the song, because it conceptually matched the mood of the film. Specifically, in an interview he gave to the Village Voice, Lynch said of the song: “The mood that came with that song a mood, a time, and things that were of that time.” Songwriter Bernie Wayne would state that at the film’s premiere, he was told by Lynch that when he was a high school student in 1963, Vinton’s “Blue Velvet” had been his favorite song.

Isabella Rossellini (arr. Angelo Badalamenti) – Blue Velvet (Full Song)

Blue Velvet (Film)

Blue Velvet

Blue Velvet (1986).png
By The poster art can or could be obtained from De Laurentiis Entertainment Group., Fair use, Link


Theatrical release poster
Directed byDavid Lynch
Written byDavid Lynch
Produced byFred Caruso
StarringKyle MacLachlan Isabella Rossellini Dennis Hopper Laura Dern Hope Lange George Dickerson Dean Stockwell
CinematographyFrederick Elmes
Edited byDuwayne Dunham
Music byAngelo Badalamenti
Distributed byDe Laurentiis Entertainment Group
Release datesSeptember 12, 1986 (Toronto)September 19, 1986 (United States)
Running time120 minutes
CountryUnited States
Budget$6 million
Box office$8.6 million (North America)

Blue Velvet is a 1986 American neo-noir mystery thriller film written and directed by David Lynch. Blending psychological horror with film noir, the film stars Kyle MacLachlanIsabella RosselliniDennis Hopper, and Laura Dern, and is named after the 1951 song of the same name. The film follows a college student who returns to his hometown and discovers a severed human ear in a field, which leads him to uncover a criminal conspiracy involving a troubled nightclub singer.

The screenplay of Blue Velvet had been passed around multiple times in the late 1970s and early 1980s, with several major studios declining it due to its strong sexual and violent content. : 126  After the failure of his 1984 film Dune, Lynch made attempts at developing a more “personal story”, somewhat characteristic of the surrealist style displayed in his first film Eraserhead (1977). The independent studio De Laurentiis Entertainment Group, owned at the time by Italian film producer Dino De Laurentiis, agreed to finance and produce the film.

Blue Velvet initially received a divided critical response, with many stating that its explicit content served little artistic purpose. Nevertheless, the film earned Lynch his second nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director, and received the year’s Best Film and Best Director prizes from the National Society of Film Critics. It came to achieve cult status. As an example of a director casting against the norm, it was credited for revitalizing Hopper’s career and for providing Rossellini with a dramatic outlet beyond her previous work as a fashion model and a cosmetics spokeswoman. In the years since, the film has been re-evaluated, and it is now widely regarded as one of Lynch’s major works and one of the greatest films of the 1980s. Publications including Sight & SoundTimeEntertainment Weekly and BBC Magazine have ranked it among the greatest American films of all time. In 2008, it was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the ten greatest American mystery films.

Plot

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College student Jeffrey Beaumont returns to his suburban hometown of Lumberton, North Carolina, after his father, Tom, has a near-fatal attack from a medical condition. Walking home from the hospital, Jeffrey cuts through a vacant lot and discovers a severed human ear, which he takes to police detective John Williams. Williams’s daughter Sandy tells Jeffrey that the ear somehow relates to a lounge singer named Dorothy Vallens. Intrigued, Jeffrey enters her apartment by posing as an exterminator. While there, he steals a spare key while she is distracted by a man in a distinctive yellow sport coat, whom Jeffrey nicknames the “Yellow Man”.

Jeffrey and Sandy attend Dorothy’s nightclub act, in which she sings “Blue Velvet“, and leave early so Jeffrey can break into her apartment. Dorothy returns home and undresses; she finds Jeffrey hiding in a closet and forces him to strip at knifepoint, but he retreats to the closet when Frank Booth, a psychopathic gangster and drug lord, arrives and interrupts their encounter. Frank beats and rapes Dorothy while inhaling gas from a canister, alternating between fits of sobbing and violent rage. After Frank leaves, Jeffrey sneaks away and seeks comfort from Sandy.

Surmising that Frank has abducted Dorothy’s husband Don, and son Donnie, to force her into sexual slavery, Jeffrey suspects that Frank cut off Don’s ear to intimidate her into submission. While continuing to see Sandy, Jeffrey enters into a sadomasochistic relationship with Dorothy, in which she encourages him to hit her. Jeffrey sees Frank attending Dorothy’s show and later observes him selling drugs and meeting with the Yellow Man. Jeffrey then sees the Yellow Man meeting with a “well-dressed man”.

When Frank catches Jeffrey leaving Dorothy’s apartment, he abducts them and takes them to the lair of Ben, a criminal associate holding Don and Donnie hostage. Frank permits Dorothy to see her family and forces Jeffrey to watch Ben perform an impromptu lip-sync of Roy Orbison‘s “In Dreams“, which moves Frank to tears. Afterwards, he and his gang take Jeffrey and Dorothy on a high-speed joyride to a sawmill yard, where he again attempts to sexually abuse Dorothy. When Jeffrey intervenes and punches him in the face, an enraged Frank and his gang pull him out of the car. Replaying the tape of “In Dreams”, Frank smears lipstick on his face and violently kisses Jeffrey. Frank then has Jeffrey restrained and beats him unconscious, while Dorothy pleads for Frank to stop. Jeffrey awakens the next morning, bruised and bloodied.

While visiting the police station, Jeffrey discovers that the Yellow Man is Detective Williams’s partner Tom Gordon, who has been murdering Frank’s rival drug dealers and stealing confiscated narcotics from the evidence room for Frank to sell. After Jeffrey and Sandy declare their love for each other at a party, they are pursued by a car which they assume belongs to Frank; as they arrive at Jeffrey’s home, Sandy realizes the driver is her ex-boyfriend, Mike. After Mike threatens to beat Jeffrey for stealing his girlfriend, Dorothy appears on Jeffrey’s porch naked, beaten, and confused. Mike backs down as Jeffrey and Sandy whisk Dorothy to Sandy’s house to summon medical attention.

When Dorothy calls Jeffrey “my secret lover”, a distraught Sandy slaps him for cheating on her. Jeffrey asks Sandy to tell her father everything, and Detective Williams then leads a police raid on Frank’s headquarters, killing Frank’s men. Jeffrey returns alone to Dorothy’s apartment, where he discovers Don dead and Gordon mortally wounded. As Jeffrey leaves the apartment, the “Well-Dressed Man” arrives, sees Jeffrey in the stairs, and chases him back inside. Jeffrey uses Gordon’s walkie-talkie to say he is in the bedroom before hiding in the closet. The “Well-Dressed Man” arrives at the apartment and Jeffrey observes he is actually Frank in disguise. Jeffrey kills Frank with Gordon’s gun when Frank opens the closet door. Moments later, Sandy and Detective Williams arrive.

Some time later, Jeffrey and Sandy have continued their relationship, Tom Beaumont has recovered, and Dorothy has been reunited with her son.

Cast

Production

[edit]

Origin

Kyle is dressed like me. My father was a research scientist for the Department of Agriculture in Washington. We were in the woods all the time. I’d sorta had enough of the woods by the time I left, but still, lumber and lumberjacks, all this kinda thing, that’s America to me like the picket fences and the roses in the opening shot. It’s so burned in, that image, and it makes me feel so happy.

—David Lynch discusses the autobiographical content in Blue Velvet

The film’s story originated from three ideas that crystallized in the filmmaker’s mind over a period of time starting as early as 1973. : 135 

The first idea was only “a feeling” and the title, as Lynch told Cineaste in 1987.

The second idea was an image of a severed, human ear lying in a field. “I don’t know why it had to be an ear. Except it needed to be an opening of a part of the body, a hole into something else … The ear sits on the head and goes right into the mind so it felt perfect,” Lynch remarked in a 1986 interview to The New York Times.

The third idea was Bobby Vinton‘s rendition of “Blue Velvet” and “the mood that came with that song a mood, a time, and things that were of that time.”

The scene in which Dorothy appears naked outside was inspired by a real-life experience Lynch had during childhood when he and his brother saw a naked woman walking down a neighborhood street at night. The experience was so traumatic to the young Lynch that it made him cry, and he had never forgotten it.

After completing The Elephant Man (1980), Lynch met producer Richard Roth over coffee. Roth had read and enjoyed Lynch’s Ronnie Rocket script, but did not think it was something he wanted to produce. He asked Lynch if the filmmaker had any other scripts, but the director only had ideas. “I told him I had always wanted to sneak into a girl’s room to watch her into the night and that, maybe, at one point or another, I would see something that would be the clue to a murder mystery. Roth loved the idea and asked me to write a treatment. I went home and thought of the ear in the field.” Production was announced in August 1984. Lynch wrote two more drafts before he was satisfied with the script of the film. The problem with them, Lynch has said, was that “there was maybe all the unpleasantness in the film but nothing else. A lot was not there. And so it went away for a while.” : 136  Conditions at this point were ideal for Lynch’s film: he had made a deal with Dino De Laurentiis that gave him complete artistic freedom and final cut privileges, with the stipulation that the filmmaker take a cut in his salary and work with a budget of only $6 million. This deal meant that Blue Velvet was the smallest film on De Laurentiis’s slate. Consequently, Lynch would be left mostly unsupervised during production. “After Dune I was down so far that anything was up! So it was just a euphoria. And when you work with that kind of feeling, you can take chances. You can experiment.” : 137 

Casting

The cast of Blue Velvet included several then-relatively unknown actors.

Lynch met Isabella Rossellini at a restaurant, and offered her the role of Dorothy Vallens. Helen Mirren had been Lynch’s first choice for the role. Rossellini had gained some exposure before the film for her Lancôme ads in the early 1980s and for being the daughter of actress Ingrid Bergman and director Roberto Rossellini. After completion of the film, during test screenings, ICM Partners—the agency representing Rossellini—immediately dropped her as a client. Furthermore, the nuns at the school in Rome that Rossellini attended in her youth called to say they were praying for her.

Kyle MacLachlan had played the central role in Lynch’s critical and commercial failure Dune (1984), a science fiction epic based on the novel of the same name. MacLachlan later became a recurring collaborator with Lynch, who remarked: “Kyle plays innocents who are interested in the mysteries of life. He’s the person you trust enough to go into a strange world with.” Val Kilmer was offered a role in the film, but he turned it down as felt it was too “graphic” for him, a decision he later regretted. Dourif and Stockwell also rejoined Lynch from Dune.

Dennis Hopper was the best-known actor in the film, having directed and starred in Easy Rider (1969). Hopper—said to be Lynch’s third choice (Michael Ironside has stated that Frank was written with him in mind)—accepted the role, reportedly having exclaimed, “I’ve got to play Frank! I am Frank!” Harry Dean Stanton and Steven Berkoff both turned down the role of Frank because of the violent content in the film.

Laura Dern, then 18 years old, was cast as Sandy after several already-successful actresses turned the role down, one among those being Molly Ringwald.

Shooting

Principal photography of Blue Velvet began in August 1985 and completed in November. The film was shot at EUE/Screen Gems studio in Wilmington, North Carolina, which also provided the exterior scenes of Lumberton. The scene with a raped and battered Dorothy proved to be particularly challenging. Several townspeople arrived to watch the filming with picnic baskets and rugs, against the wishes of Rossellini and Lynch. However, they continued filming as normal, and when Lynch yelled cut, the townspeople left. As a result, police told Lynch they were no longer permitted to shoot in any public areas of Wilmington.

The Carolina Apartments in downtown Wilmington served as Dorothy’s apartment building, with the adjacent Kenan fountain featured prominently in many shots. The building is also the birth place and death place of noted artist Claude Howell. The apartment building stands today, and the Kenan fountain was refurbished in 2020 after sustaining heavy damage during Hurricane Florence.

Editing

Lynch’s original rough cut ran for approximately four hours. He was contractually obligated to deliver a two-hour movie by De Laurentiis and cut many small subplots and character scenes. He also made cuts at the request of the MPAA. For example, when Frank slaps Dorothy after the first rape scene, the audience was supposed to see Frank actually hitting her. Instead, the film cuts away to Jeffrey in the closet, wincing at what he has just seen. This cut was made to satisfy the MPAA’s concerns about violence, though Lynch thought that the change made the scene more disturbing.

In 2011, Lynch announced that footage from the deleted scenes, long thought lost, had been discovered. The material was subsequently included on the Blu-ray Disc release of the film. Among the deleted footage was Megan Mullally as Jeffrey’s college sweetheart Louise Wertham, whose entire role was cut from the theatrical release. The final cut of the film runs at just over two hours.

Distribution

Because the material was completely different from anything that would be considered mainstream at the time, De Laurentiis Entertainment Group’s marketing employees were unsure of how to promote the film, or even if it would be promoted at all; it wasn’t until the positive reception the film received at various film festivals that they began to promote it.

Interpretations

“I guess it means there’s trouble until the robins come”: Throughout the film, a dream Sandy had is alluded to, in which the world was full of darkness and turmoil until a group of robins were set free, unleashing blinding light and love. Lighting is a strong symbolic aspect of the film, illustrated in this second shot which is lit from above before fading out, representing a return to normality.

Despite Blue Velvet‘s initial appearance as a mystery, the film operates on a number of thematic levels. The film owes a large debt to 1950s film noir, containing and exploring such conventions as the femme fatale (Dorothy Vallens), a seemingly unstoppable villain (Frank Booth) and the questionable moral outlook of the hero (Jeffrey Beaumont), as well as its unusual use of shadowy, sometimes dark cinematographyBlue Velvet establishes Lynch’s famous “askew vision” and introduces several common elements of his work, some of which would later become his trademarks, including distorted characters, a polarized world and debilitating damage to the skull or brain. Perhaps the most significant Lynchian trademark in the film is the unearthing of a dark underbelly in a seemingly idealized small town; Jeffrey even proclaims in the film that he is “seeing something that was always hidden”. Lynch’s characterization of films, symbols and motifs have become well known and his particular style, characterised largely in Blue Velvet for the first time, has been written about extensively using descriptions like “dreamlike”, “ultraweird”, “dark”, and “oddball”. Red curtains also appear in key scenes, specifically in Dorothy’s apartment and at the night club where she sings, which have since become a Lynch trademark. The film has been compared to Alfred Hitchcock‘s Psycho (1960) because of its stark treatment of evil and mental illness. The premise of both films is curiosity, leading to an investigation that draws the lead characters into a hidden, voyeuristic underworld of crime.

The film’s thematic framework harks back to Edgar Allan PoeHenry James and early gothic fiction, as well as films such as Shadow of a Doubt (1943) and The Night of the Hunter (1955) and the entire notion of film noir. Lynch has called it a “film about things that are hidden – within a small city and within people.”

Feminist psychoanalytic film theorist Laura Mulvey argues that Blue Velvet establishes a metaphorical Oedipal family—”the child”, Jeffrey Beaumont and his “parents”, Frank Booth and Dorothy Vallens – both through deliberate references to film noir. Michael Atkinson claims that the resulting violence in the film can be read as symbolic of domestic violence within real families. He reads Jeffrey as an innocent youth who is both horrified by the violence inflicted by Frank and tempted by it as the means of possessing Dorothy for himself. Atkinson takes a Freudian approach to the film, considering it to be an expression of the traumatised innocence which characterises Lynch’s work. He states, “Dorothy represents the sexual force of the mother [figure] because she is forbidden and because she becomes the object of the unhealthy, infantile impulses at work in Jeffrey’s subconscious.”

Symbolism

Symbolism is used heavily in Blue Velvet. The most consistent symbolism in the film is an insect motif introduced at the end of the first scene, when the camera zooms in on a well-kept suburban lawn until it unearths a swarming underground nest of bugs. This is generally recognized as a metaphor for the seedy underworld that Jeffrey will soon discover under the surface of his own suburban paradise. The severed ear he finds is being overrun by black ants. The bug motif is recurrent throughout the film, most notably in the bug-like gas mask that Frank wears and Jeffrey’s exterminator disguise. One of Frank’s accomplices is also consistently identified through the yellow jacket he wears, possibly referencing the name of a type of wasp. Finally, a robin eating a bug on a fence becomes a topic of discussion in the last scene of the film.

The severed ear that Jeffrey discovers is also a key symbolic element, leading Jeffrey into danger. Indeed, just as Jeffrey’s troubles begin, the audience is treated to a nightmarish sequence in which the camera zooms into the canal of the severed, decomposing ear. After the danger has subsided at the end the ear canal closeup is repeated, zooming out on a healthy and clean ear.

Soundtrack

Main article: Blue Velvet (soundtrack)

The Blue Velvet soundtrack was supervised by Angelo Badalamenti (who makes a brief cameo appearance as the pianist at the Slow Club where Dorothy performs). The soundtrack makes heavy usage of vintage pop songs, such as Bobby Vinton‘s “Blue Velvet” and Roy Orbison‘s “In Dreams“, juxtaposed with an orchestral score. During filming, Lynch placed speakers on set and in streets and played Shostakovich to set the mood he wanted to convey. The score alludes to Shostakovich’s 15th Symphony, which Lynch had been listening to regularly while writing the screenplay. Lynch had originally opted to use “Song to the Siren” by This Mortal Coil during the scene in which Sandy and Jeffrey share a dance; however, he could not obtain the rights for the song at the time. He would go on to use this song in Lost Highway eleven years later.

Entertainment Weekly ranked Blue Velvet‘s soundtrack on its list of the 100 Greatest Film Soundtracks, at the 100th position. Critic John Alexander wrote, “the haunting soundtrack accompanies the title credits, then weaves through the narrative, accentuating the noir mood of the film.” Lynch worked with music composer Angelo Badalamenti for the first time in this film and asked him to write a score that had to be “like Shostakovich, be very Russian, but make it the most beautiful thing but make it dark and a little bit scary.” Badalamenti’s success with Blue Velvet would lead him to contribute to all of Lynch’s future full-length films until Inland Empire as well as the cult television program Twin Peaks. Also included in the sound team was long-time Lynch collaborator Alan Splet, a sound editor and designer who had won an Academy Award for his work on The Black Stallion (1979) and been nominated for Never Cry Wolf (1983).

Reception

Box office

Blue Velvet premiered in competition at the Montreal World Film Festival in August 1986, and at the Toronto Festival of Festivals on September 12, 1986, and a few days later in the United States. It debuted commercially in both countries on September 19, 1986, in 98 theatres across the United States. In its opening weekend, the film grossed a total of $789,409. It eventually expanded to another 15 theatres, and in the US and Canada grossed a total of $8,551,228. Blue Velvet was met with uproar during its audience reception, with lines formed around city blocks in New York City and Los Angeles. There were reports of mass walkouts and refund demands during its opening week. At a Chicago screening, a man fainted and had to have his pacemaker checked. Upon completion, he returned to the cinema to see the ending. At a Los Angeles cinema, two strangers became engaged in a heated disagreement, but decided to resolve the disagreement to return to the theatre.

Critical reception

Blue Velvet was released to a very polarized reception in the United States. The critics who did praise the film were often vociferous. The New York Times critic Janet Maslin directed much praise toward the performances of Hopper and Rossellini: “Mr. Hopper and Miss Rossellini are so far outside the bounds of ordinary acting here that their performances are best understood in terms of sheer lack of inhibition; both give themselves entirely over to the material, which seems to be exactly what’s called for.” She called it “an instant cult classic“, concluding that Blue Velvet “is as fascinating as it is freakish” and “confirms Mr. Lynch’s stature as an innovator, a superb technician, and someone best not encountered in a dark alley.”

Sheila Benson of the Los Angeles Times called the film “the most brilliantly disturbing film ever to have its roots in small-town American life,” describing it as “shocking, visionary, rapturously controlled”. Film critic Gene Siskel included Blue Velvet on his list of the best films of 1986, at the fifth spot. Peter Travers, film critic for Rolling Stone, named it the best film of the 1980s and referred to it as an “American masterpiece”. Upon its initial release, Woody Allen and Martin Scorsese called Blue Velvet the best film of the year.

Rossellini and Lynch at the Cannes Film Festival in 1990

On the other hand, Paul Attanasio of The Washington Post said “the film showcases a visual stylist utterly in command of his talents” and that Angelo Badalamenti “contributes an extraordinary score, slipping seamlessly from slinky jazz to violin figures to the romantic sweep of a classic Hollywood score,” but stated that Lynch “isn’t interested in communicating, he’s interested in parading his personality. The movie doesn’t progress or deepen, it just gets weirder, and to no good end.” A general criticism from US critics was Blue Velvet‘s approach to sexuality and violence. They asserted that this detracted from the film’s seriousness as a work of art, and some condemned the film as pornographic. One of its detractors, Roger Ebert, stated that the large amount of “jokey small-town satire” in the film made it impossible to take its themes seriously. Ebert praised Rossellini’s performance as “convincing and courageous” but criticized how she was depicted in the film, even accusing David Lynch of misogyny: “degraded, slapped around, humiliated and undressed in front of the camera. And when you ask an actress to endure those experiences, you should keep your side of the bargain by putting her in an important film.” While Ebert in later years came to consider Lynch a great filmmaker, his negative view of Blue Velvet remained unchanged after he revisited it in the 21st century.

The film is now widely considered a masterpiece and holds an approval score of 91% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 138 reviews, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The website’s critical consensus states: “If audiences walk away from this subversive, surreal shocker not fully understanding the story, they might also walk away with a deeper perception of the potential of film storytelling.” The film also has a score of 75 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 15 critics, indicating “generally favorable reviews”. Looking back in his Guardian/Observer review, critic Philip French wrote, “The film is wearing well and has attained a classic status without becoming respectable or losing its sense of danger.”

Mark Kermode walked out on the film and gave the film a poor review upon its release, but revised his view of the film over time. In 2016, he remarked, “as a film critic, it taught me that when a film really gets under your skin and really provokes a visceral reaction, you have to be very careful about assessing it … I didn’t walk out on Blue Velvet because it was a bad film. I walked out on it because it was a really good film. The point was at the time I wasn’t good enough for it.”

Accolades

See also: List of accolades received by Blue Velvet

David Lynch was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay for his work on the film. Dennis Hopper was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture for his performance, while Isabella Rossellini won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead for her performance. Lynch won Best Director and Hopper won Best Supporting Actor at the Los Angeles Film Critics Association awards in 1987. That same year, the film received four National Society of Film Critics awards: Best Film, Best Director (Lynch), Best Cinematography (Frederick Elmes), and Best Supporting Actor (Hopper).

Home media

Blue Velvet was released on VHS and LaserDisc by Karl-Lorimar Home Video in 1987 and re-issued by Warner Home Video in 1991. After that, it was released on DVD in 2000 and 2002 by MGM Home Entertainment. The film made its Blu-ray debut on November 8, 2011, with a special 25th-anniversary edition featuring never-before-seen deleted scenes. On May 28, 2019, the film was re-released on Blu-ray by the Criterion Collection, featuring a 4K digital restoration, the original stereo soundtrack and other special features, including a behind-the-scenes documentary titled Blue Velvet Revisited. Criterion later released the film as a 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray/Blu-Ray combo pack on June 25, 2024.

Legacy

Blue Velvet has weathered the passage of time better than any other Oscar nominee that year, possibly better than any Hollywood movie of its decade. The shock of the new fades by definition, but if it has hardly done so in the case of Blue Velvet, that may be because its tone remains forever elusive.

—Dennis Lim, 2016

Although it initially gained a relatively small theatrical audience in North America and was met with controversy over its artistic merit, Blue Velvet soon became the center of a “national firestorm” in 1986, and over time became regarded as an American classic. In the late 1980s, and early 1990s, after its release on videotape, the film became a widely recognized cult film, for its dark depiction of a suburban America. With its many VHS, LaserDisc and DVD releases, the film reached broader American audiences. It marked David Lynch’s entry into the Hollywood mainstream and Dennis Hopper’s comeback. Hopper’s performance as Frank Booth has itself left an imprint on popular culture, with countless tributes, cultural references and parodies. The film’s success also helped Hollywood address previously censored issues, as Psycho (1960) had. Blue Velvet has been frequently compared to that ground-breaking film. It has become one of the most significant, well-recognized films of its era, spawning countless imitations and parodies in media. The film’s dark, stylish and erotic production design has served as a benchmark for a number of films, parodies and even Lynch’s own later work, notably Twin Peaks (1990–91), and Mulholland Drive (2001). Peter Travers of Rolling Stone magazine cited it as one of the most “influential American films”, as did Michael Atkinson, who dedicated a book to the film’s themes and motifs.

Blue Velvet now frequently appears in various critical assessments of all-time great films, also ranked as one of the greatest films of the 1980s, one of the best examples of American surrealism and one of the finest examples of David Lynch’s work. In a poll of 54 American critics ranking the “most outstanding films of the decade”, Blue Velvet was placed fourth, behind Raging Bull (1980), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982) and the German film Wings of Desire (1987). An Entertainment Weekly book special released in 1999 ranked Blue Velvet 37th of the greatest films of all time. The film was ranked by The Guardian in its list of the 100 Greatest Films. Film Four ranked it on their list of 100 Greatest Films. In a 2007 poll of the online film community held by VarietyBlue Velvet came in at the 95th-greatest film of all time. Total Film ranked Blue Velvet as one of the all-time best films in both a critics’ list and a public poll, in 2006 and 2007, respectively. In December 2002, a UK film critics’ poll in Sight & Sound ranked the film fifth on their list of the 10 Best Films of the Last 25 Years. In a special Entertainment Weekly issue, 100 new film classics were chosen from 1983 to 2008: Blue Velvet was ranked at fourth.

In addition to Blue Velvet‘s various “all-time greatest films” rankings, the American Film Institute has awarded the film three honors in its lists: 96th on 100 Years … 100 Thrills in 2001, selecting cinema’s most thrilling moments and ranked Frank Booth 36th of the 50 greatest villains in 100 Years … 100 Heroes and Villains in 2003. In June 2008, the AFI revealed its “ten Top Ten“—the best ten films in ten “classic” American film genres—after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community. Blue Velvet was acknowledged as the eighth best film in the mystery genre. Premiere magazine listed Frank Booth, played by Dennis Hopper, as the 54th on its list of ‘The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time’, calling him one of “the most monstrously funny creations in cinema history”. The film was ranked 84th on Bravo Television‘s four-hour program 100 Scariest Movie Moments (2004). It is frequently sampled musically and an array of bands and solo artists have taken their names and inspiration from the film. In August 2012, Sight & Sound unveiled their latest list of the 250 greatest films of all time, with Blue Velvet ranking at 69th.

Blue Velvet was also nominated for the following AFI lists:

Inspired by the film, pop singer Lana Del Rey recorded a cover version of “Blue Velvet” in 2012. Used to endorse clothing line H&M, a music video accompanied the track and aired as a television commercial. Set in post-war America, the video drew influence from Lynch and Blue Velvet.[92][93][94] In the video, Del Rey plays the role of Dorothy Vallens, performing a private concert similar to the scene where Ben (Dean Stockwellpantomimes “In Dreams” for Frank Booth. Del Rey’s version, however, has her lip-syncing “Blue Velvet” when a little person dressed as Frank Sinatra approaches and unplugs a hidden Victrola, revealing Del Rey as a fraud. When Lynch heard of the music video, he praised it, telling Artinfo: “Lana Del Rey, she’s got some fantastic charisma and—this is a very interesting thing—it’s like she’s born out of another time. She’s got something that’s very appealing to people. And I didn’t know she was influenced by me!”

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David Lynch's Blue Velvet – Extended Cut

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